Solvency

Authors: (1) Pietro Saggese, Complexity Science Hub Vienna (CSH); (2) Esther Segalla, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB); (3) Michael Sigmund, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB); (4) Burkhard Raunig, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB); (5) Felix Zangerl, Austrian Financial Market Authority (FMA); (6) Bernhard Haslhofer, Complexity Science Hub Vienna (CSH). Table of Links Abstract and 1. Introduction Background and related literature VASPs: A Closer Examination Measuring VASPs Cryptoasset Holdings Closing The Data Gap Conclusions, Declaration of Competing Interest, and References Appendix A.